Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are infections that are mainly transmitted through sexual contact. They affect millions of people worldwide and can have serious consequences if not detected and treated in time. In this article, you will learn about the most common types of sexual transmission, their symptoms, and how preventing them is key to taking care of our health.
What are the most common sexually transmitted diseases?
STDs can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or parasites. Some of the most common include:
- Chlamydia: Bacterial infection that can cause pain when urinating and abnormal discharge.
- Gonorrhea: Can affect the genitals, throat, and rectum, causing pain and inflammation.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): Can cause genital warts and is related to certain types of cancer, especially cervical cancer.
- Genital herpes: Manifests with painful sores in the genital area.
- HIV/AIDS: Virus that weakens the immune system, its most advanced stage is known as AIDS.
- Syphilis: Bacterial infection that evolves in different stages and can affect the nervous system and other organs if not treated in time.
Symptoms of sexually transmitted diseases
Symptoms vary depending on the infection, but some of the most common symptoms include:
- Abnormal genital discharge
- Pain or burning when urinating
- Sores, blisters, or warts in the genital area
- Itching or irritation in the genitals
- Pain during sexual intercourse
- Swelling in the lymph nodes
Some STDs may not show symptoms for a long time, which causes people to transmit them unknowingly. That is why getting screening tests regularly is important.
How to prevent sexually transmitted diseases?
The best way to avoid an STD is by taking preventive measures, such as:
- Correct condom use: Significantly reduces the risk of transmission.
- Getting regular medical tests: Detecting an STD in time allows for appropriate treatment.
- Getting vaccinated: There are vaccines to prevent infections such as HPV and hepatitis B.
- Avoiding sharing personal items: Some viruses can be transmitted through syringes or personal hygiene products.
- Monogamy or reducing the number of sexual partners: Decreases the risk of exposure.
Importance of medical exams
Getting regular STD screening tests is key to maintaining a healthy sex life. There are different types of tests, such as:
- Blood tests: Detects HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B or C.
- Urine tests: Useful for diagnosing chlamydia and gonorrhea.
- Cultures or secretion tests: Identify infections such as herpes or trichomoniasis.
Conclusion
Sexually transmitted diseases are preventable and, in many cases, treatable. Education, condom use, and regular medical checkups are essential to avoid serious complications. If you suspect you may have an STD or want to get a preventive exam, we invite you to visit the medical directory of Salus and schedule an appointment with a specialist.
